Contaminant Mapping and Refugia: Hidden River Cave, Kentucky
Bibliographic record
Abstract
24 Hidden River Cave has a long history of exploitation as a power and water resource, as a tourist attraction and as the recipient of industrial waste and untreated municipal sewage, culminating in metal contamination, eutrophication and anaerobic conditions in the cave stream in the late 1970s. Upgraded treatment and construction of a trunk sewer in the early 1980s relieved the cave of the contamination, and water quality was restored along with the remarkable return of a variety of cave fauna, particularly the blind cave crayfish (Orconectes pellucidus). The geography of the contamination and recovery indicated that much of the recovery arose from a relatively pristine upstream tributary (Wheet River) that apparently acted as a refugium when much of the cave was contaminated. The catchment area of the Hidden River Cave has been gradually industrialised in subsequent years, and the blind crayfish populations have reportedly declined or been eliminated in response to undocumented contamination events. In collaboration with the America Cave Museum and American Cave Conservation Association, the annual Kentucky field course from the University of Western Ontario has undertaken a longitudinal survey of cave contamination, with the objective of identifying contaminant source and pathways, and possible amelioration and protection. Narrative accounts of pollution episodes were used to loosely characterise the contaminant and its source tributary or inlet. The cave upstream of the entrance was surveyed for blind crayfish populations and evidence of contaminant residues. Water samples were collected from inlets and stream tranContaminant Mapping and Refugia: Hidden River Cave, Kentucky
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".