The Effect of Acid Washing and Fermentation Gravity on Mechanical Shear Resistance in Brewing Yeast
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of fermentation gravity and acid washing procedures on a brewing yeast strain's ability to resist mechanical shear in turbulent flow were investigated. Reynolds numbers of approximately 50,000 were calculated for experimental conditions with a specially developed pumping system. Higher-gravity fermentations lead to marginally increased, but statistically insignificant, cell rupture compared with lower-gravity fermentations. Cell populations remaining after shear application displayed marginally higher viability in higher-gravity fermentations. Acid washing procedures lead to an approximately sixfold decrease in cell viability compared with the controls. Cell wash water acidified with phosphoric acid lead to larger drops in viability than water alone. The addition of ammonium persulfate to an acid wash solution lead to increased viability losses when exposed to mechanical shear. β-(1→3)-Glucan in the cell wall was identified as contributing significantly to mechanical shear resistance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".