Salvadoran refugees: a case study of stress and coping
Bibliographic record
Abstract
David (1970) describes migration as "an interruption and frustration of natural life expectations, with all the related anxieties and potential damage to the self concept" (p.79).Migration, he says, induces cognitive stress, forcing the immigrant to change familiar images and build a new cognitive map.Dodge (1973) and Roskies (1978) point to the stress of migration, but also to the lack of agreement regarding the most stressful stages of adaptation.In their study of Vietnamese in the United States, Lin et al.(1982) observed that three years after arrival the majority of refugees were more or less settled.However, looking at previous clinical and field experience, they found that depression and anxiety could worsen with time as a result of the "losses" experienced, as well as "culture shock", which contributed to a gradual increase in cases needing attention by mental health workers.In their opinion, the increase in depression and anxiety was caused by accumulation of stress due to new behavior yet to be learned and new situations to be coped with.Among North African immigrants to Canada, Lasry (1977) found that initially high stress scores became lower after up to eight years of residence.However, with Portuguese immigrants to Canada, Roskies (1978) did not observe a significant relation between symptom scores and duration of residence.Most of the adjustment appeared to take place soon after arrival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".