Physical Activity Pattern of Obese Children with and without Co-Morbidities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to compare objectively measured physical activity pattern of obese children with and without co-morbidities. METHODS: Physical activity pattern of 53 6∼17 year old obese children (boys: 23, girls: 30) who were on the waiting list at the Children's Exercise and Nutrition Centre in Canada were examined using uniaxial accelerometers (CSA 7164). Volunteers wore the accelerometers for one week and data recorded for at least four days with 10 hours per day were used for the analysis. BMI (body mass index) and % body fat using BIA (bio impedance analysis) were assessed and fasting lipids, glucose and insulin were measured. The relationship between 4 co-morbidity factors (triglyceride, glucose and insulin and low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and physical activity variables (count per minute, time spent on each of light, moderate and vigorous activities) were investigated by Pearson correlation and also by partial correlation controlled for age. To compare the physical activity pattern of obese children with and without co-morbidities, subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the number of co-morbidity factors: group 1 (n=26) with no co-morbidity factor, group 2 (n=19) with 1 co-morbidity factor, group 3 (n=8) with 2 or more co-morbidity factors. Physical activity level (count/min) and time spent on various intensity activities were compared among groups by one-way ANCOVA with % body fat as a covariate because there was significant difference in % body fat among groups. RESULTS: Fasting insulin correlated positively with time spent on light activity (r=.301, p=.028) and negatively with time spent on moderate activity (r=−.301, p=.028). But after the influence of age was removed, these were no longer significant. The group comparison of physical activity also revealed no significant difference of any physical activity variables. CONCLUSION: Physical activity patterns of obese children with and without co-morbidities do not differ. Studies with a larger sample size may be needed to further verify this result.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".