Layered and Cellular Morphologies in Atactic/Syndiotactic Polystyrene Blends
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper demonstrates for the first time that by blending a polymer with its isomer and subsequently conditioning the mixture with CO 2 gas a layered and cellular morphology can be obtained. Previous reports in the literature on generating layered and cellular morphologies use a stacking method forcing layers of polymers together followed by foaming the material. In this study we present single-phase blends of atactic polystyrene (PS) with its isomer syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) and their fluid phase behavior with CO 2 . Equilibrium solubility and diffusion coefficients of the gas in the PS/sPS blends in the ratios 75/25, 50/50 and 25/75 wt% was determined at 0 and 35 °C; and the role of CO 2 solubility on the types of morphologies generated was investigated. With a decrease in temperature and hence an increase in gas solubility as well as changes in blend composition, foams with various morphological characteristics were obtained. In particular the 50/50 wt% PS/sPS blend conditioned with CO 2 at 0 °C and 3.4 MPa resulted in an intriguing morphology with alternating layers containing small and large cells within a given layer respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".