Depth of penetration of lubricant fluids and water in Queenston shale of southern Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Queenston shale is a rock formation located in southern Ontario in Canada that exhibits time-dependent deformation behaviour induced by water penetration. Microtunnelling is an efficient technique that can be used to construct pipelines and tunnels in Queenston shale. In this technique, lubricant fluids, such as bentonite solution and polymer solution, are utilized, which can have a significant impact on the time-dependant deformation (i.e., swelling) of Queenston shale within their depth of influence. A test procedure was developed in this research to investigate the depth of penetration of lubricant fluids and water in Queenston shale. These fluids were applied under pressure, similar to that used in the microtunnelling process, on Queeenston shale specimens. The depth of penetration of these fluids into the test specimens was monitored with time. It was concluded that the penetration depth varied for the various fluids considered. Water had the deepest penetration into Queenston shale. Based on the observed results, an equation is developed to predict the depth of penetration of various fluids in the Queenston shale mass. Results of this research can assist in evaluating the depth of influence of various fluids in Queenston shale and the associated swelling zone can be predicted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".