Reduced metabolic function and structural alterations in inherited retinal dystrophies: investigating the effect of peripapillary vessel oxygen saturation and vascular diameter on the retinal nerve fibre layer thickness
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the relationship between the peripapillary metabolic alterations [retinal vessel Oximetry (RO)] and the structural findings [retinal vessel diameter and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL)] in patients with inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD). Methods Patients with IRD [24 patients with rod‐cone dystrophy (RCD), 15 patients with cone‐rod dystrophy, 13 patients with inherited maculopathy] and 18 age‐matched controls, who underwent RO imaging and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, were included. The average and quadrant oxygen saturation in all four major peripapillary retinal arterioles (A‐SO2) and venules (V‐SO2) were measured, and their difference (A‐V SO2) was calculated. The corresponding retinal vessel diameter of these arterioles (D‐A) and venules (D‐V) was measured. The data were compared to the peripapillary RNFL thickness within the IRD subgroups and to the data obtained in the controls. Results In general, patients with IRD had higher average V‐SO2 values when compared to controls (p ≤ 0.029). Rod‐cone dystrophy (RCD) patients differed from controls, but also from patients with other IRDs, when the average and quadrant oxygen saturation values (A‐SO2 and V‐SO2) were evaluated (p ≤ 0.026). Within the RCD group, the correlations of RNFL thickness to V‐SO2, A‐V SO2, D‐A and D‐V were significant (p ≤ 0.030), thus indicating a different relationship between the RNFL thickness and the examined parameters, when compared to the other groups. Conclusion It becomes evident from our combined metabolic–structural approach that a prediction model, to identify which individual is at risk of developing a photoreceptor degeneration of RCD type, can be proposed. It will take into account the peripapillary retinal oxygen saturation, the retinal vessel diameter and the RNFL thickness values.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".