Mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and mold resistance of heat-treated jack pine and aspen.
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quebec wood species, jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), were thermally treated in an industrial furnace using 'Bois Perdure' technology. The species were heated from room temperature up to their respective maximum heat-treatment temperatures. The mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and mold resistance of these species were determined and compared with those of untreated wood. This information is essential for the users of these new products. Results indicate that modulus of rupture (MOR) of heat-treated jack pine and aspen decreased, whereas modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the same heat-treated species increased, respectively. The increased MOE indicates that jack pine and aspen became stiffer after the heat treatment. Compared to the untreated species, hardness of treated jack pine in radial, tangential, and longitudinal directions increased whereas the hardness of heat-treated aspen decreased in radial and tangential directions, and increased in longitudinal direction. Screw withdrawal strength of heat-treated jack pine decreased, but this decrease was not significantly different from the untreated controls. Screw withdrawal strength of heat-treated aspen was found to be relatively higher than that of untreated aspen. Dimensional stability was evaluated using both the percentage thickness swelling (TS) tests and water soaking tests for both species before and after heat treatment. All the tests were carried out with a different set of specimens. First, all the specimens were conditioned at 65 percent relative humidity (RH) and 22 °C. Three different tests were carried out using these specimens. TS measurements were carried out for a group of specimens right after the conditioning. The second group of specimens were soaked in water for 24 hours, and their weight change and TS were measured. The third group of specimens were reconditioned at 95 percent RH and 22 °C. Afterwards, their TS was measured. Results show that the dimensional stability of heat-treated jack pine and aspen was improved considerably after heat treatment. Mold resistance of heat-treated jack pine was improved compared to the untreated sample; mold resistance was improved for heat-treated aspen; however, it was not significantly different from the untreated aspen.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it