TC multimodal como predictor clínico de recanalización fútil en pacientes con ictus isquémico agudo tratados con trombectomía mecánica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolRESUMEN Introduccion y Objetivos: El ictus isquemico es un importante problema de salud publica, al ser una causa frecuente de hospitalizacion, muerte y discapacidad en los paises desarrollados. El objetivo principal de tratamiento en la fase aguda del ictus es recanalizar el punto de oclusion vascular y restaurar el flujo sanguineo cerebral para evitar la progresion del infarto cerebral. Actualmente, este objetivo puede conseguirse frecuentemente mediante trombectomia mecanica, una intervencion que consigue altas tasas de recanalizacion vascular y permite ampliar los limites de la ventana terapeutica en determinados casos. Sin embargo, muchos de los pacientes exitosamente intervenidos no obtienen el beneficio clinico esperado, quedando con secuelas, discapacidad o incluso muerte. Este fenomeno es conocido con el nombre de recanalizacion futil. Las pruebas de neuroimagen avanzada con TC-multimodal pueden ayudar a discriminar los pacientes que pueden experimentar este fenomeno, mediante un estudio detallado del parenquima cerebral, el arbol vascular y la perfusion cerebral. El objetivo general de este trabajo es identificar biomarcadores de imagen en TC-multimodal con capacidad de predecir la recanalizacion futil. Se analiza cada parametro radiologico de manera individual y combinada para averiguar su capacidad para predecir el pronostico clinico de los pacientes. Material y metodos: Se realiza una revision retrospectiva de una cohorte de pacientes con ictus isquemico agudo intervenidos con trombectomia mecanica en el Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca de Murcia. Todos ellos presentaron un ictus de circulacion anterior, se les realizo un estudio pre-tratamiento con TC-multimodal completo y fueron recanalizados de manera exitosa con trombectomia mecanica. Se estudiaron variables clinicas, radiologicas y terapeuticas. Se utilizo la escala ASPECTS para evaluar las imagenes de TC craneal simple, las imagenes fuente de angioTC y los mapas de perfusion Volumen Sanguineo Cerebral (VSC) y Flujo Sanguineo Cerebral (FSC). Las colaterales en angioTC se clasificaron en abundantes y pobres (segun ocuparan mas o menos del 50% del territorio vascular de la arteria cerebral media respectivamente). La recanalizacion futil se definio como una situacion de muerte o discapacidad con una puntuacion mayor de 2 en la escala Rankin modificada (mRS). Resultados: La poblacion de estudio fueron 150 pacientes y el 57% de ellos sufrio recanalizacion futil. Estos pacientes presentaron menores puntuaciones ASPECTS en todos los parametros de la TC-multimodal y colaterales pobres con mayor frecuencia (todos p Conclusiones: Mediante el uso de la escala ASPECTS y las colaterales en TC-multimodal se puede predecir la evolucion clinica de los pacientes con ictus isquemico agudo tratados con trombectomia mecanica, aportando biomarcadores radiologicos fiables de recanalizacion futil. Parece una herramienta de gran utilidad para la seleccion de pacientes y para el diseno de futuros estudios. EnglishABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke is considered today one of the main health problems in the world, causing relevant morbidity and mortality and consuming a lot of money and resources. The main goal of acute stroke treatment is the prompt of the occluded vessel in order to restore the brain flow and stop the progression of the infarction. This objective can be achieved nowadays through mechanical thrombectomy, a procedure that has shown significant rates of quick recanalization, allowing a broader time window for treatment in some cases. However, a significant percentage of those successfully treated patients do not experience clinical improvement, the so-called recanalization phenomenon. Multimodal CT has shown to be a helpful tool to detect these patients, through an advanced neuroimaging process that includes the estimation of blood vessels, brain parenchyma and cerebral perfusion. The objective of this study is to identify which multimodal CT parameters can predict futile recanalization. The individual value of each parameter as well as its combination is statistically analyzed in a cohort of acute stroke patients successfully treated with mechanical thrombectomy at our center. Methods: A retrospective review of a cohort of patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy in Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca of Murcia is performed. All of them had anterior circulation stroke, 2) fully assessable multimodal CT, and 3) successful recanalization. Clinical and epidemiological data including age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and others were registered and related to neuroimaging studies. Nonenhanced CT, CT angiography source images, cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and mismatch CBV-CBF maps were studied by Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS); collaterals on CT angiography were graded as poor or good (?50% or >50% of the middle cerebral artery territory). Futile was defined as modified Rankin Scale score >2 at 3 months despite successful recanalization. Results: One hundred fifty patients were included and 57% of them had futile recanalization. They had lower ASPECTS on nonenhanced CT, CT angiography source images, CBV, CBF, and mismatch CBV-CBF and presented more frequently poor collaterals (all P Conclusions: The clinical evolution of patients with acute ischemic stroke successfully treated with mechanical thrombectomy can be predicted through multimodal CT parameters using ASPECTS and collateral estimation. This tool might be useful in the design of future trials and the selection of thrombectomy patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".