Mining as Canadian Nation-Building: Contentious Citizenship Regimes on the Move
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents Canadian mining abroad as an imperial, nation-building practice that can be traced to state discourses. In analyzing state discourses, it is argued that an ideal citizenship regime is constructed, in part, due to a specific set of values and identities. This citizenship regime is corporate in nature, and operates as a vehicular idea that facilitates the flow of travelling technocrats, minerals and capital by reshaping the policies and practices of host nations. In the discourses examined, it becomes clear that the Canadian state actively forms both the conditions for the expansion of nation-building projects and actively participates in securing and promoting contentious mining projects. By mobilizing corporate citizenship, Canada remains committed to managing resistance movements that pose a risk to accumulation instead of addressing corporate impunity. The article concludes by considering how MiningWatch Canada and the movements they support create fissures in the corporate citizenship regime.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.032 | 0.028 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".