A Preliminary Study on Students' Perception of SMS Banking:A Case at The Labuan International Campus-UniversityMalaysia Sabah
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mobile phones are crucial for those who are busy with daily routine activities, especially those who are employed as well as students. The objective of this study is to identify the key points which are relevant to the students perceptions of SMS banking by the use of a survey conducted during July C September 2005. This research used university students as the sample, namely from Labuan International Campus-Universiti Malaysia Sabah. In this paper, a total of 317 students were approached which was considered as a preliminary way to observe their perceptions of SMS banking. Through various SPSS analyses, we discovered that 38 percent of male respondents and 61 percent of the female respondents know what SMS is. Surprisingly, only female respondents used SMS banking with 0.95 percent, which is consistent with the study by Laforet and Li (2005) and Howcroft, Hamilton and Hewer (2002). Findings also discovered that all of the socio-demographic elements have their own level of significance. In general, it can be concluded that students perceptions were not homogeneous and an education level was insufficient to explain the SMS banking usage among the respondents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".