Life‐Space Mobility and Mortality in Older Women: Prospective Results from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the relationship between life‐space mobility (extent, frequency, independence of movement) and mortality in older women. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Four U.S. clinical sites. Participants Women (N = 1,498) aged 75 to 102 (mean 87.6) followed from 2006 to 2015. Measurements Life‐space during the past 4 weeks was assessed in an interview, scored from 0 (daily restriction to bedroom) to 120 (daily trips outside town without assistance), and categorized (0–20, 21–40, 41–60, 61–80, 81–120). All‐cause mortality was the primary outcome; noncancer, cardiovascular, cancer, and noncardiovascular noncancer mortality were secondary outcomes. Results Over a mean 5.2 years, 842 (56.2%) women died. Unadjusted risk of all‐cause mortality was 82.6% in women with the lowest level of life‐space (0–20 points) and 36.2% in those with the highest level (81–120 points). In multivariable proportional hazards models, there was a strong relationship between less life‐space and greater risk of all‐cause mortality ( P trend < .001). Women with the lowest level of life‐space (0–20 points) had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 2.4 times as high (95% confidence interval ( CI ) = 1.5–4.0) as that of women with the highest level (81–120 points); women with life‐space scores between 21 and 60 had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 1.5 times as high as that of women with the highest level. Each standard deviation decrease in life‐space was associated with a 1.2 times greater (95% CI = 1.1–1.4) risk of all‐cause mortality. Women unable to travel beyond their neighborhood without assistance had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 1.4 times (95% CI = 1.1–1.7) as high as that of women who could travel beyond their neighborhood without assistance. Results were similar for noncancer, cardiovascular, and other mortality and did not change after controlling for underlying disease or living arrangement. Conclusion Life‐space scores of 60 or less were associated with mortality in older women independent of other strong risk factors.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it