Viral and host factors regulating the annealing of primer tRNALys3 to HIV-1 genomic RNA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
D HIV-1 infection, the conversion of the HIV-1 RNA genome into a double-stranded DNA that can be integrated into the host cell’s genome is accomplished by reverse transcription. The initiation of this reverse transcription requires a specific cellular tRNALys3 to act as a primer. This tRNA is annealed during assembly of new HIV-1, i.e., the infecting virus already contains annealed tRNALys3. The 3 18nts of tRNALys3 anneal to a complementary 18nt sequences in the viral RNA termed the primer binding site (PBS), and in this presentation, we will discuss the cellular and viral factors that promote the ability of the tRNALys3 to locate the 18nt sequence within the >9 KB comprising the HIV-1 viral RNA genome. This is associated with the formation of an early HIV-1 assembly intermediate at the site of the Gag/GagPol translation, whose components include Gag, GagPol, lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS), and tRNALys3. This intermediate contains an increased concentration of tRNALys3due to a specific interaction between viral Gag and LysRS, and is able to bind through LysRS to a viral RNA structure near the PBS that resembles tRNALys3. This initial cytoplasmic annealing of tRNALys3 to viral RNA is part of a multi-staged annealing process, and not only functions in promoting reverse transcription, but also facilitates a conformation change in the 5 -untranslated region of viral RNA that promotes viral RNA dimerization.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".