Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroaromatics by Isopropyl Alcohol Catalyzed by a Ruthenium NHC Complex. An Unusual Role of the Carbene Ligand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complex Cp*(IPr)RuH 3 catalyzes hydrodefluorination of aromatic fluorides at 70 °C with isopropyl alcohol as the reducing reagent. The reaction is selective for aromatic fluorides, as almost negligible C(sp 3 )–F bond reduction takes place. The activity decreases from more to less fluorinated substrates, but polyaromatic monofluorides, such as 1-fluoronaphthalene and 6-fluoro-2-methylquinoline, can also be reduced in moderate to good yields. Kinetic studies are consistent with a mechanism based on elimination of NHC and reversible substrate coordination, followed by coordination of the alcohol.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".