Groundtruthed probabilistic shipping noise modeling and mapping: Application to blue whale habitat in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence constitute a large marginal sea of Northwest Atlantic of ∼260,000 km2, which is crossed by the main shipping route to the Great Lakes and where ∼125 ships are cruising every time. This inland sea is also part of the habitat of the endangered Northwest Atlantic blue whale population, which frequent these waters throughout the year as indicated by a recent passive acoustic study. The present study aims at estimating the degree of blue whale exposure to shipping noise, in space and time, and the risks of auditory damages, behavioral responses and communication masking in this region. First, shipping noise radiated from the AIS-monitored traffic is modeled, mapped with a high time-space resolution, and validated using in situ measurements from a dedicated ANSI-compliant acoustic observatory along the seaway. The latter is also used to estimate the source levels of the ships. Shipping noise statistics over the region are then computed and risk metrics of blue whale exposure to shipping noise are estimated and mapped. These probability maps provide a useful tool to marine spatial planning management and to assess acoustic quality of blue whale habitats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".