PC3 - 154 Phase I/II Study of VAL-083 in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common brain cancer. Resistance to front-line systemic therapy with temozolomide (TMZ) is correlated with O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) expression. Second-line treatment with bevacizumab has not improved overall survival. Dianhydrogalactitol (VAL-083) is a bi-functional alkylating agent that has MGMT-independent cell-kill activity against GBM cell-lines and cancer stem cells in vitro. VAL-083 crosses the blood-brain barrier and showed promise against CNS tumors in prior NCI-sponsored clinical trials. The goal of this clinical trial is to determine appropriate VAL-083 dosing for advancement to Phase III trials as a new treatment for recurrent GBM. METHODS: Patients must have recurrent GBM following surgery, radiation, TMZ and bevacizumab. Phase I: Open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation study. Patients received VAL-083 on days 1,2,3 of a 21-day cycle, until reaching MTD. Phase II: Additional patients enrolled at MTD to further assess safety and outcomes. RESULTS: Phase I: 29 patients were enrolled across 9 dose cohorts (1.5-50 mg/m2/d). 40mg/m2/d was confirmed as MTD. Myelosuppression was mild; no drug-related serious adverse events were reported at doses up to 40mg/m2/d. Dose limiting G4 thrombocytopenia was observed at higher doses. Platelet nadir occurred around day 20 and resolved rapidly and spontaneously. A dose-related survival improvement was observed. Pharmacokinetic analyses show 1-2h plasma terminal half-life; average Cmax 781ng/mL at 40mg/m2/d. Phase II: 14 patients were enrolled at 40mg/m2/d. To date, safety observations in Phase II are consistent with Phase I. CONCLUSIONS: VAL-083 at 40mg/m2/d exhibits a favorable safety profile and dose-related trend toward clinically meaningful improved survival in refractory GBM patient
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".