Simple Aqueous Preparation of High Activity and Stability NiFe Hydrous Oxide Catalysts for Water Oxidation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of Ni 1– x Fe x hydrous oxide nanoparticles (HO-nps, x = 0–0.5, 1) were prepared by stirring 0.1 M KOH solutions of NiCl 2 and FeCl 2 under air at room temperature. The resulting HO-nps can be used directly, or washed and isolated without loss of activity. The Ni 1– x Fe x HO-nps are outstandingly active and stable toward the water oxidation reaction (WOR) in base. The Ni 0.75 Fe 0.25 HO-np was the most active mass-normalized WOR catalyst in the series, with onset overpotential = 190 mV, Tafel slope = 24 mV dec –1, overpotential at 10 mA cm –2 = 234 mV, and loadings Ni + Fe = 0.135 mg cm –2 . The catalysts were robust under long-term galvanostatic and duty-cycle testing. The Ni 0.75 Fe 0.25 HO-np catalyst has a layered double hydroxide structure, and it appears that Fe enhances the activity of Ni toward the WOR by decreasing its electron density.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".