Displacement-Dependent Earth Pressures on Rigid Retaining Walls with Compressible Geofoam Inclusions: Physical Modeling and Analytical Solutions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A rigid nonyielding retaining structure needs to be dimensioned to have adequate stiffness, such that it can resist mobilized lateral earth pressures. This corresponds to the at-rest condition, as there are, in general, negligible lateral deformations in the backfill. Measures that can mobilize higher soil shear strength and reduce lateral thrust are therefore sought to provide a more efficient design. The present study investigates the possibility of inserting compressible geofoam panels against rigid walls using physical model testing. Controlled yielding is allowed in the backfill with the occurrence of deformations in the geofoam. The mobilized earth pressures vary from the maximum at rest, to the intermediate, and finally to the minimum full active state depending on the magnitude of displacement. The effects of geofoam thickness and stiffness on lateral earth pressure reduction are explored. The measured pressure and displacement distributions form a comprehensive reference for use in calibrating design methods. Two analytical solutions are presented and compared with experimental data to evaluate their ability to calculate displacement-dependent lateral earth pressures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it