Actinometric and biodosimetric evaluation of UV-C dose delivery in annular, Taylor–Coutte and coiled tube continuous systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, the evaluation of the performance of two thin-film UV-C reactors (annular and Taylor–Couette) and a coiled tube system is presented using actinometry and biodosimetry methods. The iodide/iodate actinometry method was found suitable for comparison of the efficiency of UV-C dose delivery of the UV-C continuous flow systems. Inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 in quarter-strength Ringer’s solution (absorption coefficient α 254 nm ∼ 0 cm −1 ) at various flow conditions at Reynolds numbers in the range of 26 to 3000 showed a good correlation between the different reactor types. In high UV-C absorbing liquids, the inactivation efficiency increases due to the improved radial mixing. The inactivation performance of the Taylor–Couette system correlates to the annular reactor when no rotation force is applied. The residence time distributions showed the narrowest distribution with the coiled tube system at comparable flow rates. The results indicate that, despite the laminar flow conditions, the performance of the Taylor–Couette unit becomes equal to the turbulent flow conditions of the coiled tube reactor by rotation of the inner cylinder.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".