Thermo-Poroelasticity of Geomaterial With a Fluid-Filled Rigid One-Dimensional Cavity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter continues to examine the thermo-hydro-mechanical problems related to the one-dimensional case of deformation. The problem of a fluid-filled layer (cavity) bounded by two parallel planes is considered. This cavity is embedded into the center of a poroelastic region or body. Displacements, fluid and heat flow in this poroelastic region are allowed only in the direction perpendicular to the walls of the cavity. The elastic stiffness of the cavity is assumed to be very large compared to the stiffness of the surrounding poroelastic material and, consequently, the displacement of the cavity can only be due to thermal expansion of the solid material (skeleton) in the cavity. The problem has similarities to the classical hydraulic pulse tests developed by Brace et al. (1968) and Hsieh et al. (1981) and adopted widely for estimating the permeability characteristics of low-permeability geological materials (Selvadurai and Carnaffan, 1997; Butler, 1998; Selvadurai et al., 2005; Selvadurai et al., 2011; Selvadurai, 2009; Selvadurai and Jenner, 2012; Selvadurai and Ichikawa, 2013; Selvadurai and Najari, 2013, 2015; Najari and Selvadurai, 2014; Selvadurai and Selvadurai, 2014). An instantaneous pressure pulse or temperature change is applied to the volume of the cavity, and the evolution of the fluid pressure in the cavity with time is obtained. The rate of decay of the fluid pressure inside the cavity may allow us to estimate the permeability value of the surrounding poroelastic material. We present an analytical solution to this problem and compare the results with the finite element solution obtained using the ABAQUS™ finite element program. Problem of Fluid-Filled Rigid One-Dimensional Cavity: Formulation and Solution Assume that a fluid-filled rigid cavity (or a layer) occupying the region − a ≤ x ≤ a is embedded into a poroelastic geomaterial that occupies the region | x | > a (Fig. 4.1). A “rigid” cavity means that the elastic moduli of the cavity are significantly larger than those of the surrounding geomaterial. For example, the solid part of the cavity can be made of steel. The porosity of the cavity is assumed large, close to one, i.e., almost all the volume of the cavity is filled with fluid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".