197 Diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance of weaned pigs fed chickpea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using alternative feedstuffs to replace soybean meal (SBM) and cereal grains in swine diets is economically important for pork producers. Chickpea may serve as an alternative source of protein and energy; however, little information is available regarding its dietary inclusion for weaned pigs. The effects of increasing dietary inclusion of chickpea by substituting SBM and wheat grain on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of young pigs were evaluated. Three hundred pigs (initial body weight 9.6 kg) weaned at 20 ± 1 d of age and housed in pens with 4 pigs were involved. Pigs were fed a SBM diet or diets with 7.5, 15, 22.5, or 30% Kabuli chickpea in substitution for up to 20% SBM and 10% wheat grain for 3 wk starting 2 wk postweaning. The chickpea sample contained (DM basis) 23.9% CP, 4.7% ADF, 5.2 mg/g trypsin inhibitor activity, and 0.4% tannin. Diets were formulated to provide 2.34 Mcal NE/kg and 5.1 g standard ileal digestible (SID) Lys/Mcal NE and were steam-pelleted. Increasing dietary inclusion of chickpea quadratically increased (P < 0.001) diet apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM and GE by up to 2.5%-units, quadratically increased (P < 0.001) DE and predicted NE value by up to 0.13 and 0.21 Mcal/kg, respectively, but quadratically reduced (P < 0.001) ATTD of CP by 4.6%-units. Overall (d 1–21), increasing dietary chickpea quadratically increased (P < 0.05) ADFI, quadratically increased then decreased (P < 0.001) ADG, and quadratically decreased (P < 0.001) G:F and final BW. Pigs fed 15% chickpea had increased ADFI by 66 g/d and ADG by 55 g/d, but similar G:F and increased final body weight compared with pigs fed diet with 0% chickpea. In conclusion, increasing inclusion of up to 30% chickpea in diets for weaned pigs reduced growth performance. Dietary inclusion of 15% chickpea increased feed intake and growth performance of weaned pigs and sustained feed efficiency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".