RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CARDIUM FORMATION, GARRINGTON, ALBERTA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary The Cardium Formation in the Garrington Field is subdivided into the Cardium A zone and Cardium B zone. Sandstone and conglomerate reservoirs from the Cardium B zone were exploited in the early 1960’s to 80’s (Berven, 1966, Duke, 1985, Wadsworth and Walker, 1991). Technological advancements have opened more prospects in previous uneconomic areas and stratigraphic intervals; one being the Cardium A zone in the Garrington Field. The Cardium A is a regional sand-sheet with varying thickness, comprised predominantly of intensely bioturbated, offshore, muddy, sandstones. The study is divided into two areas; Township 32 Range 3 West of 5, and Township 34 Ranges 3-4 West of 5, located northeast of Calgary, Alberta. These two areas in the Garrington Field are unique because even though proximal to another and having the highest production rates in the Garrington Field, production rates in Township 32 are noticeably higher than production rates in Township 34. Aside from drilling and completion technologies, Cardium A production rates are controlled by facies distribution, shown in well-log and core cross sections. Sequence stratigraphic correlations highlight lateral discontinuity of reservoir sandstone bodies, and the connectivity of genetically related hydrocarbon bearing units; the latter being important for implementing enhanced oil recovery programs, such as water flooding. Sedimentary facies observed in cores are classified according to bioturbation index, sand:mud content, trace fossil assemblage and lithology. The predominant facies representing the Cardium A is offshore muddy sandstones, which are the main hydrocarbon reservoir in the Cardium A. The reservoir is intensively bioturbated by sand-filled trace fossils, providing the main flow conduits for hydrocarbons in this highly heterogeneous reservoir. Thin section analysis provides a thorough assessment of micro-scale properties, including clay type, microscale flow barriers, diagenesis, and other features affecting porosity and permeability. The maximum, minimum, mean, median and variance porosity and permeability (KMax) values for the Cardium A zone in the Garrington Field are 25.4%, 0.9%, 9.05% (Harmonic), 8.1%, 1.58x10 -3 , and 696mD, 0.01mD, 21.47mD (Arithmetic), 0.345mD, 4896.71, respectively. Majority of porosity and permeability measurements are from plugs, and some values are measured from full diameter samples.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".