Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Due to Passenger Donor Lymphocytes in Liver Transplantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is a frequent complication following solid organ transplant but previous reports suggest that the incidence of immune mediated thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following liver transplantation is low (0.7%). Although the mechanisms involved in post transplant thrombocytopenia are complex, the presence of alloantibody derived from passenger donor lymphocytes should be considered when severe thrombocytopenia is identified. Case presentation: Our case is a 58-year-old gentleman who underwent liver transplantation for end stage cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. His baseline pre-transplant platelet count was low at 83 ×109/L, but he postoperatively worsened to a platelet count of 5×109/L with bleeding sequelae. The liver donor was a 71-year-old previously healthy man who presented with severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count of 3 ×109/L) and hemorrhagic stroke, but no evidence of hematological pathology on bone marrow examination. As the donor history of presumptive ITP was known to the service, antiplatelet antibody assays on both the donor and recipient were performed using the ELISA based GTI-PAK12 kit (GTI Diagnostics, Waukesha, WI). Although there were no detectable antiplatelet antibodies in the organ recipient’s pre-transplant specimens, the immediate post-transplant specimen demonstrated reactivity in all three GPIIb/IIIa wells, corresponding to a stronger but identical reaction pattern in the organ donor. This suggested that the reactivity and subsequent worsening of the thrombocytopenia were secondary to antibodies produced by passenger donor lymphocytes in the transplanted liver. The transplant recipient was treated with corticosteroids, intravenous immune globulin and platelet transfusion with a return to his baseline platelet count and cessation of bleeding symptomatology five days later. Repeat platelet antibody testing in the organ recipient five weeks post-transplant revealed no detectable antiplatelet antibody reactivity, indicating lack of engraftment of the passenger donor lymphocytes. Conclusion: Passenger donor lymphocytes producing antiplatelet antibodies may be a contributing factor in post-transplant thrombocytopenia. Close monitoring and high clinical suspicion should be present when there is a history of immune/idiopathic thrombocytopenia in the organ donor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".