Collateral ligament reconstruction in two horses following traumatic avulsion fracture using a knotless suture anchor construct
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary This case report describes a technique for repair of medial collateral ligament avulsions in two horses. Both horses sustained traumatic injuries resulting in avulsion fractures at the origin of their medial tarsal and carpal collateral ligaments. This report describes the use of a knotless suture anchor to mechanically reconstruct medial collateral ligament avulsion injuries in two horses. The first horse, a 9‐year‐old Hannovarian Warmblood gelding presented for an acute nonweightbearing lameness in the right hindlimb. The injury was localised to the medial malleolus of the tibia and an avulsion fracture of the origin of the short medial collateral ligament of the tibiotarsal joint with disruption of the ligament was found on radiographs and ultrasound. The horse was taken to surgery and a reconstruction of the short medial collateral ligament was performed with a modified single row construct using a biocompatible, multistrand, long chain ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene braided composite suture tape (2 mm Fibertape) and a single knotless suture anchor (5.5 × 19.1 mm PEEK SwivelLock C). The second horse, a 5‐year‐old Thoroughbred gelding presented for an acute nonweightbearing lameness in the left forelimb. The injury was localised to the medial styloid process of the radius and an avulsion fracture of the origin of the medial collateral ligament of the antebrachial carpal joint was found on radiographs and ultrasound. The horse was taken to surgery and a similar reconstruction procedure was performed to the collateral ligament. Both horses were recovered in a Robert Jones bandage without the use of casts or splints and recovered without incident. Both horses are sound and returned to previous level of athletic performance at 18 months and 8 months, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".