The Influence of Culture on the Expression of Emotions in Online Social Networks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seeking to understand the influence of culture on the expression of emotions in online social networks, we analyzed four Facebook groups – two from Quebec, Canada and two from Colombia – created following unexpected deaths. Comparison of the messages posted in these groups reveals a stronger tendency to maintain a virtual relationship with the deceased by Canadians than by Columbians. Among the former, the deceased is more often asked to and thanked for watching over the living, and testimonies of love addressed to the deceased are more numerous than among the latter. Among the latter, the strength of the links maintained with the deceased justifying the present pain and evocation of the mourners’ Catholic beliefs are relatively more frequent. Finally, while the Canadian Quebecers’ messages would presumably be written in French and those of Colombians in Spanish, it is interesting to observe a certain presence of English to express feelings of loss and love in the four groups, as well as a certain affinity between North American virtual bereavement practices and those seemingly more characteristic of women, the main contributors in all four groups. Keywords: bereavement, culture, death, emotion, emoticon, online social network *** Résumé : Cherchant à saisir l’influence de la culture sur l’expression de ses émotions dans les réseaux sociaux numériques, nous avons analysé quatre groupes Facebook – deux canadiens-québécois et deux colombiens- créés au lendemain de décès inattendus. La comparaison des messages postés dans ces groupes met en relief une plus forte tendance au maintien d’une relation virtuelle avec le défunt de la part des canadiens que des colombiens. En effet, dans les premiers, le défunt est davantage sollicité et remercié pour veiller sur les vivants, et les témoignages d’amour qui lui sont adressés sont plus nombreux que dans les seconds, où la force des liens entretenus avec le défunt justifiant la douleur actuelle, et l’évocation de ses croyances catholiques sont relativement plus fréquentes. Finalement, alors que les messages canadiens-québécois seraient supposés être écrits en français et ceux colombiens en Anglais, il est intéressant d’observer une certaine présence de l’anglais pour l’expression des sentiments de manque et d’amour dans les quatre groupes, ainsi qu’une sorte d’affinité entre les pratiques virtuelles de deuil nord-américaine et celles semblant plus caractéristiques des femmes, principales contributrices dans les différents groupes. Mots-clés : culture, deuil, émotion, émoticône, mort, réseau socionumérique
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".