Metal Ion Hydrocarbon Bidentate Bonding in Alkyl Acetates, Methyl Alkanoates, Alcohols and 1-Alkenes: A Comparative Study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relative affinity of the monovalent metal ions Li + , Na + , Cu + and Ag + towards a series of aliphatic alkyl acetates and some selected 1-alkenes (P) was examined using the kinetic method. A detailed analysis of the dissociation characteristics of a series of mixed metal-bound dimer ions of the type P 1 -M+-P 2 and the evaluated proton affinities (PAs) of the monomers shows that the affinity of the cation towards long-chain alkyl acetates and alkenes (having a chain length ? C 4 ) is markedly enhanced. In line with recent studies of nitriles, alcohols and methyl alkanoates, this is attributed to a bidentate interaction of the metal ion with the functional group or double bond and the aliphatic chain. In particular, the longer chain alkyl acetates, methyl alkanoates and alcohols show a remarkably similar behaviour with respect to silver ion hydrocarbon bonding. The Ag + adducts of the alkyl acetates dissociate by loss of CH 3 COOH. This reaction becomes more pronounced at longer chain lengths, which points to metal ion bidentate formation in [Ag + ···1-alkene] product ions having a long hydrocarbon chain. In the same vein, the heterodimers [1-hexene···Ag + ···1-heptene] and [1-heptene·Ag + ···1-octene] dissociate primarily into [Ag + ···1-heptene] and [Ag + ···1-octene] ions, respectively. Hydrocarbon bidentate formation in [Ag + ···1-octene] also reveals itself by the reluctance of this ion to react with water in an ion trap, as opposed to [Ag + ···1-hexene] which readily undergoes hydration.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it