Bibliographic record
Abstract
Health leaders manage many types of risk. One type of risk that may be underrecognized is the ethical risk in the many projects and activities that are done regularly besides research (eg, program evaluation, quality improvement, and health innovation). Applying clinical, personal, professional, and organizational ethics can help address the risks but are insufficient by themselves or in combination. Each different type of project or activity requires an ethics review that is appropriate for that activity. Health leaders must first acknowledge that ethical risks exist in many of the activities occurring in their organization and then support the different types of ethics review required to adequately protect and respect people and their information.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.322 | 0.560 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.016 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Research integrity | 0.037 | 0.036 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.025 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".