Interphalangeal Joint Sonography of Symptomatic Hand Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Functional Correlation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the correlation between inflammatory sonographic findings (grayscale synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler) and clinical and functional assessments in hand osteoarthritis (symptomatic interphalangeal joints) and to correlate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of these findings. METHODS: A prospective double-blind study of 60 interphalangeal joints was conducted. The joints were assessed 6 times per year by clinician and sonographer observers. RESULTS: A total of 720 measurement recesses were included (360 palmar and 360 dorsal). Small correlations and a few associations were found. Proximal interphalangeal joint quantitative measurements of the dorsal recess showed a statistical correlation with joint swelling (P = .043) and pulp-to-pulp pinch strength (P = .043); in the palmar recess, statistical correlations were seen for joint swelling (P = .007), the Australian/Canadian (AUSCAN) Function Index (P = .044), and grip and finger strength (P = .037, .003, .019, and .017). In dorsal semiquantitative assessments, there were associations between sonographic findings and joint swelling (P = .010) and pinch strength (P = .027, .003, and .014); in the palmar recess, we found associations with the AUSCAN Index (P = .048) and grip and finger strength (P = .031, .006, and 0.041). No correlations or associations were found in distal interphalangeal joints. Power Doppler signals were found in only 1.7% of the sample, precluding statistical analysis. Excluding palmar semiquantitative assessments in distal interphalangeal joints (P = .623), sonographic findings were reliable (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.474-0.857; κ = 0.390-0.673). CONCLUSIONS: Joint swelling, grip and pinch strength, and the AUSCAN Index were weakly correlated and associated with sonographic findings in proximal interphalangeal joints. Intraobserver and interobserver sonographic assessments were reliable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".