Type III Interferons in Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The IFN-lambda family of type III cytokines includes the closely related IL28A (IFN-lambda 2), IL28B (IFN-lambda 3) and IL-29 (IFN-lambda 1). They signal through the Jak-STAT pathway and promote an anti-viral state by the induction of expression of several interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). Contrary to type I IFNs, the effect of IFN-lambda cytokines is largely limited to epithelial cells due to the restricted pattern of expression of their specific receptor. Several genome wide association studies (GWAS) have established a strong correlation between polymorphism in the region of IL28B gene (encoding for IFN-lambda 3) and both spontaneous and therapeutic IFN-mediated clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but the mechanism(s) underlying this enhanced viral clearance are not fully understood. IFN-lambda 3 directly inhibits HCV replication and in vitro studies suggest that polymorphism in the IFN-lambda 3 and its recently identified overlapping IFN-lambda 4 govern the pattern of ISGs induced upon HCV infection of hepatocytes. IFN-λ can also be produced by dendritic cells and apart from its antiviral action on hepatocytes, it can regulate the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages thus acting at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the role of IFN-lambda cytokines in mediating and regulating the immune response during acute and chronic HCV infection.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".