Abstract B098: Tumor cell-derived IL-4 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a cytokine that, among other actions, can induce macrophages to undergo alternative activation and polarize to M2 macrophages which have been reported to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis. IL-4 also promotes the formation of multinucleated giant cells from macrophages in vitro and participates in the development of the foreign body reaction in vivo. AC2M2 cells, a highly metastatic mouse carcinoma cell line, were transduced with retroviruses expressing IL-4 (IL-4-AC2M2) or empty vector control (EV-AC2M2). Co-culture experiments showed that AC2M2-derived IL-4 polarized macrophages to express the M2 marker, arginase 1. EV- and IL-4-AC2M2 cells grew at the same rate in vitro. However, mice injected with IL-4-AC2M2 cells grew tumors at a significantly reduced rate as compared to control mice injected with EV-AC2M2 cells in an orthotopic mouse mammary tumor engraftment model. IL-4 expression also correlated with elimination of lung metastasis. Reduced primary tumor growth and complete abolishment of lung metastasis in the IL-4 group correlated with a 30-fold increase of tumor associated macrophage populations and macrophage phagocytosis of tumor cells. Thus, tumor-derived IL-4 suppressed tumorigenesis and lung metastasis by activating macrophage phagocytosis in the tumor microenvironment; suggesting that IL-4 could be a good candidate for immunotherapy. Note:This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Connie Shengnan Zhang, Peter A. Greer. Tumor cell-derived IL-4 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Breast Cancer Research: Genetics, Biology, and Clinical Applications; Oct 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2013;11(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B098.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".