Asymmetric molars’ mesial rotation and mesialization in unilateral functional posterior crossbite and implications for interceptive treatment in the mixed dentition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Symmetric transverse expansion is the main outcome of the early treatment in subjects with unilateral functional posterior crossbite. The aim of this study was to analyse mesial rotation and mesialization of upper first molars as sagittal parameters to be corrected in the treatment of these patients during the mixed dentition. METHODS: Digital dental cast measurements (rotation and mesialization) were performed in a sample of 48 subjects with unilateral posterior crossbite (UPXB; 19 males and 29 females, mean age 10.2 ± 1.2 years) and in a control group of 35 subjects with normal Class I occlusion (17 males and 18 females, mean age 9.9 ± 1.3 years). An independent sample t-test, the Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical comparison. RESULTS: The amount of upper molar rotation was significantly greater in the experimental group when compared with the control group. A clinically significant 'upper molar rotation' (UMR) was present in 66.7 per cent of the subjects with UPXB versus 5.7 per cent of the control group. The UMR group presented also a significant mesialization of upper first molars when compared with the control group. In the experimental group, there was a significant difference between rotation and mesialization in the right and left side and a correlation has been found between these two variables and the amount of Class II molar relationship at the crossbite side. LIMITATIONS: This is an epidemiological case-control study and the discussed effects of an early correction of the asymmetric upper molars' migration are only speculations based on an association relationship. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study show an asymmetric upper first molars' migration (rotation and mesialization) in unilateral functional posterior crossbite versus a control group. An early evaluation and correction of the molars' migration during the mixed dentition should be considered in order to obtain a correct inter-occlusal sagittal molar relationship, space for an adequate eruption of permanent teeth, and perhaps reduce the need of a following fixed appliance treatment in the permanent dentition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".