Production of floral morphs in cleistogamous <i>Ruellia brevifolia</i> (Pohl) C. Ezcurra (Acanthaceae) at different levels of water availability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study we investigated whether the production of cleistogamous (CL) and chasmogamous (CH) floral morphs in Ruellia brevifolia is affected by water availability. To this end, the effects of two water levels were tested on plants grown in a greenhouse: soil at 100% water-holding capacity (WHC) (moist soil) and at 50% WHC (water scarcity). Additionally, we investigated fruit and seed production in plants at these two levels of water availability and evaluated whether the drought stress interferes with vegetative growth. The production of floral morphs depended on water availability: plants in moist soil produced only CH morphs and water-stressed plants produced only CL morphs. Fruit production was higher at the higher level of water availability (30.5 ± 28.20 fruits/plant at 100% WHC versus 9 ± 6.04 fruits/plant at 50% WHC; t = 4.384; P < 0.01). The mean number of seeds produced by CH and CL morphs were, respectively, 5.93 ± 2.24 and 8.17 ± 2.07 seeds/fruit (t = - 3.304; P < 0.01). Although CL morphs produced a greater number of seeds, the total seed production per plant was higher in plants at 100% WHC (180.86 seeds/plant in CH morphs versus 73.53 seeds/plant in CL morphs of plants in soil at 100% and 50% WHC, respectively; t = - 2.759; P < 0.01). The plants in soil at 100% WHC were taller (0.48 m ± 0.07) in relation to plants in soil at 50% WHC (0.24 m ± 0.04) (t = 1.781; P < 0.01). This study provides new information about the sexual reproductive strategy of R. brevifolia, indicating that the main factor inducing cleistogamy is drought stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".