Bibliographic record
Abstract
The content of two books by Kenneth Gregory on the nature of physical geography, published in 1985 and 2000 provides a basis from which to consider changing priorities and, in the light of recent developments, to speculate about what additional chapter might be appropriate in 2016. It is suggested that physical environment, always a part of physical geography, characterized using techniques recently available, could be the subject for such a further chapter. This is already being anticipated by enhancements of existing techniques, by utilization of new methods, and by application of novel integrating concepts. A general integrated, holistic model that is more place located is required, and should be formulated so that it can be adapted for specific places and characterized in ways to indicate sensitivity, stressors, or risk factors. This model with cultural overlay needs to be positioned in space and time to focus on how it has arisen. Such a model could provide the basis for enquiries about whether it is optimal, how it could be improved, sustainably restored, and designed. It could be used for analyzing potential results of climate change and would put physical environment in its place within physical geography. Positionner les environnements physiques au bon endroit : est‐ce le prochain chapitre ? Kenneth Gregory a fait paraître, en 1985 et 2000, deux ouvrages portant sur la géographie physique, lesquels forment une assise sur laquelle on peut aborder le changement des priorités et, à la lumière de l'évolution récente, spéculer sur le prochain chapitre pouvant convenir en 2016. Il est proposé que l'environnement physique, en tant que composante de la géographie physique qui est décrite à l'aide de techniques mises au point récemment, pourrait faire l'objet d'un nouveau chapitre. Ceci est déjà envisagé grâce aux améliorations apportées aux techniques existantes, à l'utilisation de nouvelles méthodes et au déploiement de nouveaux concepts intégrateurs. Il est nécessaire de concevoir un modèle général, intégré et holistique qui soit davantage axé sur le lieu afin d'être adaptable à des lieux particuliers et de montrer les facteurs de sensibilité, de stress, ou de risque. Ce modèle est doté d'une couche culturelle et doit se positionner dans l'espace et le temps afin de mettre l'accent sur son émergence. Un tel modèle servirait d'assise aux études visant à établir s'il est optimal et comment il peut être amélioré, durablement restauré et conçu. Il pourrait être utilisé dans l'optique d'analyser les répercussions possibles des changements climatiques et permettrait de positionner l'environnement physique au bon endroit au sein de la géographie physique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.013 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".