Bibliographic record
Abstract
Operating with limited resources induces an attentional focus on the task at hand, allowing efficient performance, but at the same time such focus may come with a cost. Specifically, scarcity may cause a failure to notice useful information in the environment, even if the information can alleviate the condition of scarcity. This neglect may arise as a result of attentional narrowing, and can explain a range of counter-productive behaviors of the poor (e.g., neglecting benefit programs). We propose that scarcity presents urgent demands that hijack attentional resources, inducing a focus on task-relevant information, but at the same time a neglect of other potentially important information. To directly examine how scarcity tunes attention, we presented participants with a restaurant menu including a list of food items, price information, and calorie information for each item. At the bottom of the menu we included a discount to measure neglect of beneficial information. Participants were randomly assigned to place a meal order with a small budget ($20; poor condition) or a large budget ($100; rich condition). Participants were eye-tracked throughout the experiment. Those in the poor condition prioritized the price information over the food items and the calorie information, compared to those in the rich condition. Critically, poor participants neglected the discount information, even though the discount can alleviate the condition of scarcity. In follow-up memory experiments, participants completed a surprise memory task after their meal order, and we found that the poor participants were more accurate in recalling price information than the rich participants, yet they were no different in calorie recall accuracy. The results suggest that scarcity draws attention to task-relevant information, and selectively facilitates memory encoding. This new account reveals the attentional tradeoffs under scarcity, and can help explain why the poor individuals engage in counterproductive behaviors. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2016
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".