Solvent generator extraction and evaluation of 99mTc from ultra low-specific activity 99Mo made from linear accelerator irradiated 100Mo in natural molybdenum.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
439 Objectives Low-specific activity 99Mo/99mTc preparations from alternative, non-fission production processes saturate common aluminum column capacities and therefore extraction of 99mTc requires other separation technologies. This study tested the ability of solvent extraction generator technology to effectively extract sodium pertechnetate (NaTcO4) from ultra low-specific activity 99Mo. Methods A linear accelerator (10kW, 35keV) irradiated two batches of six natural molybdenum (100Mo) discs to produce 99Mo following the 100Mo(ɣ,n)99Mo reaction. After dissolving the discs in 30% hydrogen peroxide and drying the resulting solution to form molybdenum trioxide (MoO3 powder), the solution was converted into sodium molybdate using 5M sodium hydroxide. The solution was loaded into an in-house developed solvent 99Mo/99mTc extraction generator, from which 99mTc in NaTcO4 form was extracted over a period of a week. The product was analyzed against United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and additional specifications to determine the quality of the extracted product. Results Specific activities were as low as 36.15 and 18.12 MBq/g for the two shipments respectively. Five extractions were performed for the first and seven extractions for the second irradiated batches. Average extraction efficiencies of 82% and 72% respectively were obtained, with a trend toward slight deterioration in efficiencies for later extractions. All the NaTcO4 extracts passed the QC limits with the exception of the first extract for both shipments. These two extracts had high molybdenum breakthrough with the extract from the second shipment also having a high pH, likely due to operator error. Conclusions Extraction of good quality NaTcO4 product from ultra low-specific activity 99Mo using the described 99Mo/99mTc solvent extraction generator was successfully performed. For 10 of 12 extractions, all QC parameters stipulated by the USP were met demonstrating the quality of the extracted product.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".