Preparation of highly dispersed superfine W–20 wt% Cu composite powder with excellent sintering property by highly concentrated wet ball‐milled process
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The ball milling process and the CuWO 4 –WO 3 precursors were investigated, and a new highly concentrated wet ball‐milled process (HWM) was designed. W–20 wt% Cu composite powders with excellent sintering property were synthesized by highly concentrated wet ball‐milled process and co‐reduction. The powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field electron transmission electron microscopy (FESEM) and laser‐diffraction diameter tester. The results indicate that particle size of WO 3 –CuO powder mixtures decreases to 390 nm rapidly with the milling time increasing to 5 h. The CuWO 4 precursors promote the microstructural homogeneity of W and Cu. W–Cu composite powders have a highly dispersed and well sintering property. The particle size of W–Cu powders milled by HWM for 5 h is about 680 nm. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) result suggests that W phase and Cu phase are mixed at nanometer scale. The above W–Cu composite powders reach the relative density of about 99.3%.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it