Field Testing of Efficacy of Three Environmentally Friendly Insecticides Against Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa Decemlineata [Say], Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) on Potato-Evaluation of the Effect on Yield
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2007 and 2008 the field experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of three environmentally friendly insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), with the aim of evaluating their effect on the yield of potato. 0.25 % water emulsion of Neem-Azal (active ingredient azadirachtin) was applied twice, while 3 % water emulsion of Aktiv (a.i. potassium salt of fatty acids) and 1 % water emulsion of Prima (a.i. refined rape oil) were applied eight times. In 2007, the potato yield was higher (25.3±3.2 t ha-1) than in 2008 (8.2 ± 0.8 t ha-1). In 2007 there were no significant differences in potato yield at different control measures and the yield ranged from 7.5 ± 1.3 t ha-1 (Aktiv) to 9.4 ± 1.8 t ha-1 (Prima). In 2008, the highest potato yield was recorded in Neem-Azal treatment (3.5 ± 0.7 t ha-1), while in two other insecticide treatments the potato yield did not differ significantly with control treatment neither with the Neem-Azal treatment. Potato tubers were classified into three fractions: fraction 1 (tubers <4 cm), fraction 2 (tubers between 4 and 5 cm), and fraction 3 (tubers > 5 cm). On average we produce 2.11 ± 0.06 t ha-1, 9.93 ± 0.53 t ha-1, and 13.17 ± 0.70 t ha-1 of potato in 2007, and 2.11 ± 0.20 t ha-1, 4.68 ± 0.37 t ha-1, 0.84 ± 0.29 t ha-1 of potato in 2008, respectivelly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".