Występowanie bólu, jego charakterystyka oraz związek ze stopniem kontroli ciśnienia u osób chorujących na nadciśnienie tętnicze
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Klinika Nefrologii, Hipertensjologii i Transplantologii Nerek Uniwersytetu Medycznego w ŁodziWystępowanie bólu, jego charakterystyka oraz związek ze stopniem kontroli ciśnienia u osób chorujących na nadciśnienie tętniczeThe presence of pain, its characteristics and relation to the degree of blood pressure control in patients with arterial hypertension Summary Background Headache is the most frequent and typical manifestation of arterial hypertension (HTN) but the prevalence of pain in other locations and its detailed characteristics in patients with HTN remain unknown.Furthermore, the influence of pain on the effectiveness of the antihypertensive treatment has never been comprehensively studied.The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of pain and relation to blood pressure control and the effect of antihypertensive treatment on pain in patients with HTN.Material and methods 122 patients with the diagnosis of primary HTN (70 women and 57 men; age 55.7 ± 15.6 years) filled the modified McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire.Mean time from HTN diagnosis was 12.9 ± 10.9 years.All patients were treated for hypertension receiving a mean number of 2.5 ± 1.5 blood pressure-lowering medications.27% of the patients fulfilled the criteria of resistant hypertension.Mean arterial blood pressure from the last three measurements was 141/84 mm Hg .Results As many as 87% of the patients with HTN reported pain in any location.The most common pain locations were lower limbs -shanks, knees, feet (60%) and the head (52%).The most prevalent pain characteristics were neuromuscular (36%), dull (25%) and paroxysmal (47%).Pain was associated with body movements in 64% of the patients.Mean pain intensity in a 10-point scale was 5.9 ± 2.2.The intensity of pain did not correlate with the number of antihypertensive drugs.In a group of patients with wellcontrolled blood pressure (<140/90 mm Hg ) the intensity of the pain tended to be lower than in patients with poorly controlled HTN (5.6 ± 2.5 vs. 6.3 ± 2.3; respectively; p = 0.02).Only 56% of the patients declaring pain were using pain-relief drugs.The number of pain localizations was higher in patients treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (2.7 ± 1.7 vs. 2.2 ± 1.1) and in patients with diabetes (2.89 ± 1.64 vs. 2.35 ± 1.42; p = 0,09).Conclusions The prevalence of pain in patients with HTN is exceedingly high and seems to be related to the degree of blood pressure control.key words: chronic pain, arterial hypertension, antihypertensive drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, treatment-resistant hypertension Arterial Hypertension 2013, vol.17, no 3, pages: 221-230 WstępBól to według Międzynarodowego Towarzystwa Badania Bólu (International Association for the Study of Pain) [1] subiektywne, przykre i negatywne wrażenie zmysłowe i emocjonalne powstające pod wpływem bodźców uszkadzających tkankę lub zagrażających ich uszkodzeniem.Ocenia się, że tylko w Polsce każdego roku aż 34 miliony osób cierpi z powodu bólu, z tego
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".