Empty LTCC Integrated Waveguide with Compact Transitions for Ultra-low Loss Millimeter-wave Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An Empty LTCC (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) Integrated Waveguide (E-LIW) for the 57-64 GHz band is proposed. In addition to being air-filled, this SIW-like structure uses long rectangular side-wall vias to reduce conductor and radiation losses. In simulation, the proposed structure shows an insertion loss of 0.084 dB/cm at 60 GHz compared to 0.325 dB/cm, when the same structure is dielectric filled, and 0.48 dB/cm when it is dielectric filled but with conventional cylindrical vias. A very compact transition between E-LIW and CPW is also proposed. A back-to-back configuration including the proposed transition and E-LIW has been fabricated. Measurement results show a maximum total insertion loss of 0.5± 0.2 dB with better than 20 dB return loss for the entire structure and over the entire frequency band of interest. These results are in good agreement with those obtained by 3D field simulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".