Back Cover: Butanal Condensation Chemistry Catalyzed by Brønsted Acid Sites on Polyoxometalate Clusters (ChemCatChem 2/2017)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Cover shows butanal condensation reaction on polyoxometalate clusters (H4SiW12O40), grafted on mesoporous silica, as a catalytic route for upgrading the aldehydes derived from biomass feedstocks. The reaction creates an intermolecular C=C bond, ejects oxygen heteroatoms and produces larger, unsaturated aldehydes (e.g., 2-ethyl-2-hexenal).In their Full Paper, Y. Yang et al. describe the catalytic fate of butanal during its deoxygenation sojourns on polyoxometalate clusters. The Brønsted acid sites (H+) of polyoxometalate clusters protonate the butanals and then catalyze predominantly the C=C bond formation through an aldol condensation mechanism. Thus, the rate of C=C bond formation is directly proportional to the H+ site density. A portion of the protonated butanals reacts with framework oxygen atoms, forming surface acetates as spectators that poison the H+ sites. This work establishes the connection among the active site function, identity of adsorbed species and rates. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Y. Yang et al. on page 287 in Issue 2, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601042).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.145 | 0.051 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".