P3044 Characterization of exosomal immune-related micrornas in colostrum and milk from average, low and high immune responder cows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The expression of bioactive host defense proteins in bovine colostrum and milk is regulated by miRNAs. MiRNAs are abundant in milk at different lactation stages, often enclosed within exosomes that protect them from degradation and likely allow for cell-to-cell communication. Notably, immune-related miRNA are highly expressed in milk, particularly in colostrum, with potential to regulate gut immunity of the newborn calf and humans. To date, only few studies have evaluated the expression profile of miRNAs in cow’s milk. An interesting observation with these studies was the considerable variation in the total and identified individual miRNAs. These discrepancies were explained by differences in the RNA isolation methods and the background of the cows used in the studies. While high immune responder (HIR) cows have superior colostrum quality and concentrations of bioactive proteins compared with average (A) and low (L) responders, the expression profiles of colostrum and milk miRNAs remain to be elucidated. The central hypothesis of this study is that colostrum and milk-derived exosomes containing immune-related miRNAs are differentially expressed in A and L responders compared with HIR. The objectives of the study are to: (1) establish a reliable protocol for the fractionation of colostrum and milk for further purification and isolation of exosomes-containing miRNAs, and (2) compare and validate the expression profile of colostrum and milk exosomal miRNAs from A, L and HIR. Exosomes were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and their presence was confirmed by immunogold labeling electron microscopy. Six RNA extraction methods were compared and RNA quantity and quality were assessed by Qubit Fluorometer and bioanalyzer. The total exosomes RNA/protein isolation kit (Invitrogen) had high RNA yield and the least ribosomal contamination. Milk samples from average responders that passed the library generation quality control (four out of 10 samples) were subjected to next-generation sequencing using the Illumina mirRNA-HiSeq2500 and bioinformatics analysis. A set of identified and novel miRNAs is being selected for validation by PCR array. This study provides platform for optimal colostrum and milk exosomal miRNAs identification that is necessary for down-stream applications. These include, but are not limited to, the discovery of novel miRNAs that have the potential to be utilized as biomarkers for milk quality control or for better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulatory role of miRNAs in calves and humans with emphasis on the health benefit of milk.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".