The Hidden History of Early Childhood Education (2013) by Blythe Farb Hinitz
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In The Hidden History of Early Childhood Education, editor Blythe Farb Hinitz aims to shed light on little-known aspects of the history of early childhood education (ECE) in the United States, which is referred to as "forgotten or hidden" (p. 1).The approach is to provide deeper understanding of select episodes in the history of ECE rather than a broad survey.Authors of individual chapters use primary sources to consider the contributions of figures "whose place in ECE history has rarely been studied" (p. 1).Some contributors, like Barbara Beatty, are historians of education, while others are leaders in the field of ECE in teacher education and administration.Most have worked as teachers of young children.The content covers a variety of topics from the 1820s to the present day.The chapters look at homeschooling, the experiences of African American teachers, and schools in Japanese-American internment camps.Common to all of the chapters is a focus on the stories of people who have been marginalized or ignored in standard histories.For this reason alone the book deserves a wide readership, including by historians of education, as well as other scholars, students, and teachers interested in knowing more about historical developments in early childhood care and education in the United States.Hinitz divides the book's ten chapters into two sections, "Glimpses of Past Practice" and "Portraits of Early Childhood Education Leaders."In the first section, five chapters explore a range of programs and practices in the period 1820 to 1960.The section is organized chronologically, beginning with a discussion of the education of young Quaker children between 1820 and 1860.Susan Anderson Miller draws our attention to Quaker religious activities, school settings, families, and social events.She illustrates how the various beliefs of Quakers "such as helpfulness, honesty, respectfulness of equality, the appreciation of simplicity, and their own resourcefulness" influenced children's daily lives and education (p.8).Quaker children's daily lives are described primarily from gender and family perspectives.Next is Judy Williston's history of homeschooling based on her memories of being taught at home by her mother in her kindergarten year.Williston reflects on her experience of homeschooling in the context of the history of compulsory education, considering its advantages and its response to social needs.Her history includes preschool artifacts selected from her personal collection, such as drawings and writing of numbers.She concludes that her homeschooling influenced her future choices, writing that: "I believe it created … a wonderful beginning to a long educational career" (p.48).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".