The Direct and Interactive Effects of Life Stressors and Dispositional Traits in the Prediction of Youth Psychopathology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dispositional differences are likely to influence youth's adjustment to stressors; however, the potential for interactions among stressors and dispositional traits is uncertain. Prior efforts to examine these interactions have yielded mixed results: whereas some results have shown that presence of both exposure to stressors and trait vulnerabilities are needed to trigger psychopathological responses (i.e., the diathesis-stress model), other results have shown that trait vulnerabilities trigger psychopathological responses regardless of exposure to stressors (i.e., the direct vulnerability model). Moreover, variability in operationalizations of stressors and dispositional traits has made it difficult to draw conclusions across studies. The current research aims to elucidate the potential interactive effects of stressors and dispositional traits while overcoming these limitations. To enhance consistency with results from prior investigations, the direct and interactive effects of stressors and dispositional traits were examined (1) across family-level versus youth-specific stressors (i.e., to allow the evaluation of specific effects across different types of stressors) and (2) using comprehensive models of dispositional trait (i.e., five-factor model of child personality; higher- and lower-order temperament traits). To this end, two investigations using nonclinical youth samples were conducted. In the first study, the hypothesis that child personality traits moderate stress-psychopathology associations during the transition into early adolescence was examined. No systematic evidence for moderation emerged; rather, results supported an additive hypothesis. In the second study, the hypothesis that dispositional traits influence the appraisal of stressors by examining their associations with discrepancies among parent- and youth-reports of stressors was examined. Informant discrepancies for stressors were positively correlated with negative affectivity, supporting the hypothesis that negative affectivity influences appraisal of stressors. Overall, this research elucidates idiographic responses to stressors in youth, and therefore has implications for assessment, prevention, and intervention efforts in clinical child and adolescent psychology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".