Outcomes of advanced urothelial carcinoma following discontinuation of programmed death (PD)-1 or PD-ligand (L)-1 inhibitors.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
385 Background: The outcomes and therapy of advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients (pts) following discontinuation of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are unclear. We performed a retrospective analysis to examine the frequency of systemic therapy administered following PD-1/PD-L-1 inhibitors and outcomes in these pts. Methods: Data were collected from institutions for pts with advanced UC following prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as salvage therapy. Baseline demographics and therapy administered following prior check-point inhibitors was captured. Univariable Cox regression analyses examined clinical factors potentially associated with overall survival (OS) following check-point inhibitors. Results: Data from 62 pts were available from 4 institutions with capture of therapy and outcomes following checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. The median age was 65.5 years and 51 (82.3%) were male. The median duration of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors available from 55 pts was 64 days (range 7-669). Of these pts, 22 (35.5%) received post-PD1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitor therapy with a variety of chemotherapy (n = 16), chemobiologic combination (n = 1), biologic agents (n = 4) and immunotherapy (n = 1). The median time from last PD1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitor therapy to subsequent therapy was 58 days (range 14-242). The median OS of all pts following completion of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors was 149 days (95% CI: 75-359). Among pts who received some post-PD1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitor therapy, median OS was 182 days (95% CI: 121-372), and the median time to progression was 124 days (95% CI: 61-273) when examining from start of post-PD1/PD-L1 therapy. Among these 22 pts, the only significant baseline prognostic factor associated with OS was performance status. Conclusions: In this dataset, 35.5% of pts with advanced UC received subsequent systemic therapy following salvage therapy with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Outcomes with subsequent therapy appear similar to historically observed outcomes in pts who had not received prior PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Further study of pts post-PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy is warranted to identify factors associated with outcomes and potentially synergistic sequences.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".