Structure, Dynamics and Hierarchy of Territorial Military Corporations (sluzhilye goroda) in Seventeenth-century Muscovy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article describes the main stages of the formation, in the sixteenth century, of territorial military corporations, known as sluzhilye goroda or “service towns,” and presents a detailed analysis of their development throughout the seventeenth century. The author concludes that in the seventeenth century, the most representative “towns” counted between 100 and 400?people and that a town’s large size often coincided with a lower share of “select” noblemen in local corporations. The towns experienced steady growth in the second quarter of the sixteenth century, during the restoration period following the Time of Troubles. However, their growth rate slowed down between 1651 and the early 1680s, and Tsar Aleksei?Mikhailovich’s military reforms brought about substantial changes and a reduction of corporation membership. A tentative typology of local military formations in the mid-seventeenth century reveals several groups of “towns” with a low share of noblemen and raises the question of the very essence of the sluzhilyi gorod, which is generally understood as a territorial military corporation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".