Child-Bearing Attitudes in Croatia: A Country Passing through the Modernization Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For the last several decades, the number of newborn children has been steadily decreasing in many societies, but the drop has been especially pronounced in Central and Eastern European countries. The phenomenon had created a lot of concern among social policy makers but has not stimulated much scientific study. Most of the theories and research on population change are coming from W estern Europe and the United States of American (USA) and the question is how adequately do they explain population changes in the countries experiencing modernization. Sociological literature on Croatian families points to childbearing attitudes as an important predictor of fertility behavior. If childbearing attitudes are determinants of fertility behavior, it is important to research the sources of these attitudes. Therefore, in this study two types of attitudes toward childbearing were defined as dependent variables: (1) attitudes towards children as an obligation to society and (2) attitudes toward children as a life’s joy. Five hundred and five couples participated, selected by a combination of quota and random sampling of the married couples living in the Zagreb metropolitan area. Five groups of predictors were analyzed and five models were obtained to which hierarchical regression analysis was applied. The analysis yielded four distinct groups of participants having different childbearing attitudes: 1. non-commited mothers, 2. mothers commited to dual role, 3. traditional non-commited fathers, and 4. family commited fathers. Relationships between attitudes and fertility behavior are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".