The motive behind the connection between exercise and positive body image
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Positive body image is defined as an overall love and acceptance of the body. It is distinct from negative body image, but has received much less investigation in the literature. Further, most research examining positive body image and exercise behaviour has focused on young adults, primarily women. The purpose of the current study was to determine if exercise motives related to appearance and fitness would moderate physical activity and positive body image in men and women across the lifespan. Participants included community dwelling men and women (n = 455; age range 18-89 years). Participants were grouped according to age: young adults (18-35 years; n=157), middle age adults (36-55 years; n=153) and older adults (56 years or older; n=145). Participants completed the Body Appreciation Scale-2, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short), and the Exercise Motivations Inventory-2. A series of moderated hierarchical regressions were conducted to determine whether exercise motives (appearance, weight control, strength and endurance, and nimbleness) moderated the relationship between moderate-vigorous physical activity and body appreciation. Results indicated that weight management and appearance motives moderated the relationship between physical activity and body appreciation for young men and women. Furthermore, analysis showed that strength and endurance as well as nimbleness motives moderated the relationship for younger men and women, as well as older women. Further research should continue to explore the relationship between positive body image and exercise across the lifespan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".