The Agency of Women in the Catholic Church: A Critical Examination of Rosemary Radford Ruether and Pope John Paul II
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The North American Women’s Rights movement, beginning in the 1960’s, has long asserted that society an d its governing institutions “have a problem with women.” 1 Throughout its three successive waves, the movement has fought for voting rights and, later, reproductive, workplace and education privileges. 2 The most recent third wave has brought to the forefront issues within the feminist campaign of universalizing the category of women. 3 The movement’s failure to provide agency for all women has led those of color, for instance, to critique the mainstream group. Further, the women’s rights movement in North A merica has illustrated the complexity of female agency in contemporary society. With each wave new issues are brought to the fore and women fight for their ability to speak, act and move through traditionally male spaces, while simultaneously critiquing institutions like the Church, that have often been constructed as being in opposition to these goals. Many feminist theologians, like Rosemary Radford Ruether and Rita Gross, have sought to claim female agency by resisting dominant interpretations of biblical texts that give men status.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".