A combination of both testosterone and white blood count as predictive factors of overall survival in localized prostate cancer.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
129 Background: Low testosterone is generally associated with a higher overall mortality rate. We previously published that an increase in neutrophils is associated with lower overall survival in a large population of patients with localized prostate cancer. In this study, we tested a combination of both testosterone and neutrophils to predict for overall survival in a prospective cohort of patients treated with radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Methods: 414 patients from our institutional database were enrolled prospectively in phase 2 or 3 studies. To be included in this present analysis, patients had to have a baseline testosterone and complete blood count before enrollment in their respective study. Thirty-three patients were excluded for missing data for a total of 381 (92%) patients were included for analysis. Multivariate cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the influence of white blood count (WBC = neutrophils + lymphocytes) and testosterone level on biochemical recurrence (Phoenix definition) and overall survival (OS). A cutoff level for testosterone of 10.4 nmol/l ( = 300ng/dL) was used as an indicator of hypogonadism and a WBC cutoff of 6.2 (109/L) representing the median value of this study population. Results were adjusted for cancer characteristics, comorbidities and androgen deprivation therapy. Results: Median age (range) was 71 (52-82) years. The median follow-up for biochemical recurrence and OS analysis were 72 and 78 months, respectively. WBC and testosterone were not predictive of biochemical recurrence, but CAPRA score 6-10 vs. ≤ 2 was (HR 5.39, 95% CI 1.19-24.45). WBC ≥ 6.2 alone was not associated with OS (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.30-1.46), but when combined with a testosterone > 10.3 nmol/l, it was associated with a HR of 2.96 (95%CI 1.45-6.06) when compared to a WBC < 6.2, P-interaction = 0.01. Conclusions: A combination of high WBC and normal testosterone levels seem to be associated with increased mortality in patients with localized prostate cancer. Validation in larger samples is needed and could help to identify patients with increased risk of mortality within the first 6-7 years post treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".