SU44. Oculomotricity and Neurological Soft Signs: Can We Refine the Endophenotype? A Study in Subjects Belonging to the Spectrum of Schizophrenia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Alterations in eye tracking and motor impairments as well as neurological soft signs (NSS) are reported in persons with schizophrenia as well as in their relatives, proposed as endophenotype of the disease. The identification of vulnerability markers is viewed as an important issue helping to identify subjects with high risk of psychosis in order to develop targeted prevention. Methods: This study investigated smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) and fixation task with distractors with a gap condition (GFT) in 49 persons with schizophrenia (SZ), 24 ultra high-risk subjects (UHR), 41 full biological nonpsychotic siblings, and 48 controls (C). NSS were assessed as a marker of abnormal neurodevelopment. In SPEM, the subject had to track a target moving in a horizontal sinusoidal waveform at 12°/s. In GFT, subject had to maintain fixation on the central point and to inhibit saccades toward the distractors. Central fixation point remained illuminated for 1000 ms, then extinguished for 200 ms (gap period) before the onset of a peripheral distractor for 1000 ms. Results: SZ showed more catch-up and intrusive saccades respectively in SPEM and GFT respect to controls (spem: P < .019; GFT: P < .006) and full siblings (spem: P < .027; GFT: P < .032). UHR participants with high NSS compared to C made more catch-up saccades (P < .005) and intrusive saccades (P < .016). SZ with high NSS also made more catch-up saccades compared to SZ with low NSS (P < .002) and controls (P < .0001), and intrusive saccade compared respectively to SZ with low NSS and controls (both P < .0001). Conclusion: These findings highlight a global inhibitory control defect and suggested that UHR and SZ could share oculomotor abnormalities, especially when they express a high neurodevelopmental deviance. These oculomotor alterations might suggest that cerebral structures such as cerebellum and its cerebro-thalamo-cortical loops might be involved in the expression of this vulnerability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".